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- lesitalesita
  ·2021-07-19
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  Crypto Traders Loved Big Leveraged Bets Until Inexplicable Crash
  (Bloomberg) -- On the day of one of the cryptocurrency market’s worst routs, Alex Holland woke up to
  Crypto Traders Loved Big Leveraged Bets Until Inexplicable Crash
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- lesitalesita
  ·2021-07-19
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  Singapore Prepares to Swap Its Oil Hub Status for Greener Future
  (Bloomberg) -- Royal Dutch Shell Plc announced late last year it would slash capacity by half at its
  Singapore Prepares to Swap Its Oil Hub Status for Greener Future
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They knew he had made a big wager recently that prices would fall.</p>\n<p>But when he went to check his account on the online exchange Binance, he saw that the value of his leveraged bet against Ethereum was sinking rather than reaping gains a few times greater than the declines in the second-largest cryptocurrency.</p>\n<p>“I just kept blinking,” said the 59-year-old Canadian, who was left a paraplegic after a skiing accident. “I thought it was just a bug and they’d be fixing it.”</p>\n<p>By the end of May 19, Ethereum would plummet roughly 20% and Holland’s so-called down token tumbled about 85%. The value was so low it appeared as zero on price charts.</p>\n<p>In a way, it’s a cautionary tale as old as Wall Street -- retail speculators burned by byzantine derivatives -- amplified by a lack of regulation, croaky market plumbing and the extreme volatility of the $1.3 trillion crypto world.</p>\n<p>It’s hard to know exactly how much value was wiped out. But a growing band of disgruntled Binance users are now organizing to pressure -- with a combination of social media and legal threats -- the exchange to compensate their losses. Regulators have also taken notice, with Binance facing increasing scrutiny in Asia, North America and Europe.</p>\n<p>Holland’s records show from April to May 19 he put roughly $2,700 in the bearish tokens through a series of trades. Including his previous transactions, he estimates his investment totaled around $10,000.</p>\n<p>Leveraged tokens are pitched by crypto exchanges as an easy way for amateurs to make outsized bets without the hassle of managing collateral or margin requirements. On Binance, the product uses futures to offer long or short exposure to cryptocurrencies with a unique twist: A leverage ratio that floats between 1.25 and 4 times. That means, in theory, a 20% plunge in a coin should translate into between a 25% and 80% gain.</p>\n<p>The world’s largest crypto exchange touts the unpredictability as a feature, not a bug, to prevent front-running. But it’s also prompted traders to question how they are managed, especially during the manic swings that are also a feature of the market.</p>\n<p>Service Disruptions</p>\n<p>Holland’s experience was typical on May 19. Down tokens tied to the Litecoin and Tezos cryptocurrencies lost money despite betting on the right direction. Polkadot’s down token ended up worth less than three cents, plunging 95% from the prior day. At one point, both the tokens wagering on and against Ethereum were down roughly 75%.</p>\n<p>May 19 was a day of tumult overall, with crypto platforms including Binance and Coinbase suffering disruptions to regular trading after negative tweets from Elon Musk and tightening restrictions in China sent investors fleeing.</p>\n<p>As more traders wanted to cash out of bearish leveraged tokens, Binance said the outflows caused the leverage ratio to spike in some cases. When the program was forced to trim its short exposure in a rocky and illiquid market to lower the ratio again, it ended up losing money due to market conditions.</p>\n<p>In other words, the product was forced to keep cutting positions at the worst time. That day, the Ethereum down tokens rebalanced 21 times, the majority of which happened over half an hour.</p>\n<p>“We should note, nevertheless, that there were no identifiable issues or errors with the BLVT during the period,” a spokesman said in an email. “Binance users are informed in advance of the risks associated with any trading activities,” including through a training video and test of their understanding.</p>\n<p>In the depths of the selloff, the platform suspended trading for most leveraged tokens. It now no longer allows tokens to be subscribed or redeemed during rebalancing.</p>\n<p>The product is somewhat similar to leveraged exchange-traded funds, which typically rebalance at the end of each day to maintain a particular exposure. The difference is the Binance tokens only rebalance whenever the leverage ratio swings out of the 1.25-to-4-time range and based on a proprietary algorithm that determines the ratio.</p>\n<p>One problem with the absence of regular rebalancing is the product would naturally get more leveraged just as the market is moving against it, warns Tim Leung, a professor of applied mathematics at the University of Washington who’s written a book about leveraged ETFs.</p>\n<p>“It’s too opaque,” he said, commenting generally on a retail product structured this way. “An investor is looking at the historical leverage ratio and thinking it should be 2x, but there’s no guarantee the future leverage ratio is going to be two.”</p>\n<p>There’s little retail traders can do by way of regulatory recourse. Binance operates as a constellation of entities in multiple jurisdictions, and its terms say that any disputes need to go through individual arbitration in Hong Kong and cannot give rise to class-action claims.</p>\n<p>For Holland, it’s yet another blow to his long-time faith in cryptocurrencies. After initially accumulating some coins by running a crypto mining rig, he lost all of the money he put in QuadrigaCX, a Canadian exchange that wiped out at least $125 million of client money when it collapsed in 2019.</p>\n<p>When it came to choosing another exchange, he thought he could go no wrong with the largest one in the crypto world.</p>\n<p>“It was a major, major amount of money for me that died, even though I predicted everything properly,” he said from Calgary. “Given my situation, that was my one shot at retirement and now that’s pretty much all gone.”</p>","source":"lsy1612507957220","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Crypto Traders Loved Big Leveraged Bets Until Inexplicable Crash</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nCrypto Traders Loved Big Leveraged Bets Until Inexplicable Crash\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-07-19 08:32 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/crypto-traders-loved-big-leveraged-130000045.html><strong>Bloomberg</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>(Bloomberg) -- On the day of one of the cryptocurrency market’s worst routs, Alex Holland woke up to a wave of messages from friends and family. They knew he had made a big wager recently that prices ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/crypto-traders-loved-big-leveraged-130000045.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"COIN":"Coinbase Global, Inc."},"source_url":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/crypto-traders-loved-big-leveraged-130000045.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1109701958","content_text":"(Bloomberg) -- On the day of one of the cryptocurrency market’s worst routs, Alex Holland woke up to a wave of messages from friends and family. They knew he had made a big wager recently that prices would fall.\nBut when he went to check his account on the online exchange Binance, he saw that the value of his leveraged bet against Ethereum was sinking rather than reaping gains a few times greater than the declines in the second-largest cryptocurrency.\n“I just kept blinking,” said the 59-year-old Canadian, who was left a paraplegic after a skiing accident. “I thought it was just a bug and they’d be fixing it.”\nBy the end of May 19, Ethereum would plummet roughly 20% and Holland’s so-called down token tumbled about 85%. The value was so low it appeared as zero on price charts.\nIn a way, it’s a cautionary tale as old as Wall Street -- retail speculators burned by byzantine derivatives -- amplified by a lack of regulation, croaky market plumbing and the extreme volatility of the $1.3 trillion crypto world.\nIt’s hard to know exactly how much value was wiped out. But a growing band of disgruntled Binance users are now organizing to pressure -- with a combination of social media and legal threats -- the exchange to compensate their losses. Regulators have also taken notice, with Binance facing increasing scrutiny in Asia, North America and Europe.\nHolland’s records show from April to May 19 he put roughly $2,700 in the bearish tokens through a series of trades. Including his previous transactions, he estimates his investment totaled around $10,000.\nLeveraged tokens are pitched by crypto exchanges as an easy way for amateurs to make outsized bets without the hassle of managing collateral or margin requirements. On Binance, the product uses futures to offer long or short exposure to cryptocurrencies with a unique twist: A leverage ratio that floats between 1.25 and 4 times. That means, in theory, a 20% plunge in a coin should translate into between a 25% and 80% gain.\nThe world’s largest crypto exchange touts the unpredictability as a feature, not a bug, to prevent front-running. But it’s also prompted traders to question how they are managed, especially during the manic swings that are also a feature of the market.\nService Disruptions\nHolland’s experience was typical on May 19. Down tokens tied to the Litecoin and Tezos cryptocurrencies lost money despite betting on the right direction. Polkadot’s down token ended up worth less than three cents, plunging 95% from the prior day. At one point, both the tokens wagering on and against Ethereum were down roughly 75%.\nMay 19 was a day of tumult overall, with crypto platforms including Binance and Coinbase suffering disruptions to regular trading after negative tweets from Elon Musk and tightening restrictions in China sent investors fleeing.\nAs more traders wanted to cash out of bearish leveraged tokens, Binance said the outflows caused the leverage ratio to spike in some cases. When the program was forced to trim its short exposure in a rocky and illiquid market to lower the ratio again, it ended up losing money due to market conditions.\nIn other words, the product was forced to keep cutting positions at the worst time. That day, the Ethereum down tokens rebalanced 21 times, the majority of which happened over half an hour.\n“We should note, nevertheless, that there were no identifiable issues or errors with the BLVT during the period,” a spokesman said in an email. “Binance users are informed in advance of the risks associated with any trading activities,” including through a training video and test of their understanding.\nIn the depths of the selloff, the platform suspended trading for most leveraged tokens. It now no longer allows tokens to be subscribed or redeemed during rebalancing.\nThe product is somewhat similar to leveraged exchange-traded funds, which typically rebalance at the end of each day to maintain a particular exposure. The difference is the Binance tokens only rebalance whenever the leverage ratio swings out of the 1.25-to-4-time range and based on a proprietary algorithm that determines the ratio.\nOne problem with the absence of regular rebalancing is the product would naturally get more leveraged just as the market is moving against it, warns Tim Leung, a professor of applied mathematics at the University of Washington who’s written a book about leveraged ETFs.\n“It’s too opaque,” he said, commenting generally on a retail product structured this way. “An investor is looking at the historical leverage ratio and thinking it should be 2x, but there’s no guarantee the future leverage ratio is going to be two.”\nThere’s little retail traders can do by way of regulatory recourse. Binance operates as a constellation of entities in multiple jurisdictions, and its terms say that any disputes need to go through individual arbitration in Hong Kong and cannot give rise to class-action claims.\nFor Holland, it’s yet another blow to his long-time faith in cryptocurrencies. After initially accumulating some coins by running a crypto mining rig, he lost all of the money he put in QuadrigaCX, a Canadian exchange that wiped out at least $125 million of client money when it collapsed in 2019.\nWhen it came to choosing another exchange, he thought he could go no wrong with the largest one in the crypto world.\n“It was a major, major amount of money for me that died, even though I predicted everything properly,” he said from Calgary. “Given my situation, that was my one shot at retirement and now that’s pretty much all gone.”","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"COIN":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1120,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":173298743,"gmtCreate":1626660705482,"gmtModify":1703762876640,"author":{"id":"4089417375578840","authorId":"4089417375578840","name":"lesita","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"4089417375578840","idStr":"4089417375578840"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Wow","listText":"Wow","text":"Wow","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://ttm.financial/post/173298743","repostId":"1153389888","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1153389888","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1626658813,"share":"https://ttm.financial/m/news/1153389888?lang=&edition=fundamental","pubTime":"2021-07-19 09:40","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Singapore Prepares to Swap Its Oil Hub Status for Greener Future","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1153389888","media":"Bloomberg","summary":"(Bloomberg) -- Royal Dutch Shell Plc announced late last year it would slash capacity by half at its","content":"<p>(Bloomberg) -- Royal Dutch Shell Plc announced late last year it would slash capacity by half at its biggest oil refinery. For Singapore, where the plant has been a mainstay of the economy for six decades, it marked a turning point in one of the most successful bets on fossil fuels in history.</p>\n<p>The plant on Bukom Island is part of a massive refining and petrochemical industry built largely on reclaimed islands just off the city-state. In tandem with the cargo vessels they fueled, the refineries helped drive Singapore’s economic success after independence, attracting billions in investment and spawning businesses from plastics to rig construction and finance.</p>\n<p>“We’ve come a long way as a result of the energy and chemical sector,” said Tan See Leng, Singapore’s labor minister and second minister for trade and industry. “The key thing is not to completely sort of move away, but to see how we can pivot, how we can transform.”</p>\n<p>To that end, the government this year released the Singapore Green Plan 2030, setting out a path for the city-state to become a leading regional hub for carbon trading, green finance, consulting and risk management and other services. Sovereign wealth fund Temasek Holdings Pte., along with the Singapore Exchange, Standard Chartered Plc and DBS Group Holdings Ltd. announced in May a plan to set up a global exchange for high-quality carbon credits.</p>\n<p>The city also offers a modern base with a skilled workforce from which new energy companies can run their operations in the region. Vena Energy Capital Pte., one of the largest independent renewable power generators in Asia-Pacific, with wind and solar projects stretching from Australia to India, established its headquarters in a modernist glass-and-steel tower in the city’s financial center, despite having no other operations in the country.</p>\n<p>“Given the regulatory transparency that Singapore has, it gives comfort to investors,” said Vena Chief Executive Officer Nitin Apte. “That was true in the past and will be true in the future with renewables.”</p>\n<p>Oil Town</p>\n<p>But Singapore’s switch from black gold to green energy is a difficult balancing act. In 2019, the city was the world’s fourth-biggest exporter of refined petroleum, and fuels and chemicals accounted for around 23% of its total merchandise trade, according to data from the World Bank and the Observatory of Economic Complexity. It’s still a regional trading center for coal, natural gas and oil products and supports dozens of finance houses that specialize in the commodities. More than 100 global chemical companies have operations in the city.</p>\n<p>Bukom Island was there at the start. As far back as the 1890s it was the landing place for Russian kerosene. Shell opened Singapore’s first refinery there just prior to independence in 1961 and four more plants were added over the next couple of decades.</p>\n<p>Exxon Mobil Corp.’s antecedents soon followed, including a refinery on the nearby island of Ayer Chawan, now part of the giant Jurong Island refining complex that Singapore is hoping to transform into an industrial park for sustainable energy and chemicals.</p>\n<p>Now Shell’s investment is in reverse. About 500 jobs will go at the Bukom complex, and many more will likely disappear in Singapore in the coming years. For a nation with no natural resources of its own, its position as an intermediary in the global fuel supply chain will be hard to replace.</p>\n<p>Singapore owes much of its economic success to imaginative and ruthless exploitation of its location, wrote historian Michael Barr in his book “Singapore: A Modern History.” In the energy sector that meant leveraging its position on one of the world’s busiest shipping routes, between the Middle East and the major economies in East Asia.</p>\n<p>That won’t necessarily help its status as an energy hub for renewables like solar and wind that tend to be located in consuming countries, but it could still be an asset for hydrogen, which is gaining momentum as a possible emissions-free fuel for transportation and other energy supplies.</p>\n<p>Hydrogen Hope</p>\n<p>“As it has with natural gas, it may be able to position itself as an intermediary for hydrogen in terms of pricing, terminal facilities and storage,” said David Skilling, founding director of Landfall Strategy Group, which advises small, advanced economies. Still, it’s not yet clear to what extent the hydrogen economy will rely on hubs, said Skilling, who was based in Singapore for more than a decade before relocating recently to the Netherlands.</p>\n<p>More than 30 countries have released hydrogen roadmaps, according to a report by the Hydrogen Council and McKinsey &amp; Co. But Singapore isn’t yet ready to commit to a strategy, Tan said.</p>\n<p>The government has agreements with Australia and Chile for potential collaboration on hydrogen technology, and is working with Japanese companies on ways to transport the gas, Tan said. “As the technology gets more accepted, more widely available, as costs start to drop somewhat, I think they’ll come to an inflection point,” he said.</p>\n<p>Hydrogen and liquefied natural gas have the advantage for Singapore that some oil and petrochemical infrastructure can be retooled for them, said George Nassaouati, who looks at energy transition risks as head of natural resources Asia at Willis Towers Watson. Singapore could also provide engineering and project management expertise to help set up LNG or hydrogen facilities in Southeast Asia, he said.</p>\n<p>Landfall’s Skilling says the “constructive paranoia” that enabled Singapore to navigate waves of economic disruption may help it make the transition. “It’s always very adept at figuring out what the next thing is, figuring out what its niche in that space is and being able to extract value from it,” he said.</p>\n<p>The attention and direction from the government is definitely there, said Selena Ling, head of treasury research and strategy at Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp. The Monetary Authority of Singapore is developing grant programs to support green and sustainability loans, as well as placing $2 billion of funds with asset managers to catalyze green finance activities out of Singapore, she said.</p>\n<p>Singapore is looking at raising its carbon tax higher than originally planned, Minister for Sustainability and the Environment Grace Fu told Bloomberg in an interview on Friday. The city-state was the first in Asia to introduce a levy on carbon, currently set at S$5 per ton of greenhouse gas. The tax will be revised shortly, Fu said.</p>\n<p>A privately run carbon-credit trading platform that’s backed by some of the nation’s biggest firms would probably be up and running by the end of the year, she said.</p>\n<p>The state of 5.7 million people may also have more time to adapt than Europe or the U.S. because it’s in a region that looks set to rely on hydrocarbons for many years to come. South and Southeast Asia will have the highest oil products demand growth over 2019 to 2035, according to another report from McKinsey. Singapore’s refiners don’t need to do anything drastic yet, said Victor Shum, vice president of energy consulting at IHS Markit.</p>\n<p>Until around 2030 at least, there’s little risk of a major drop-off in demand for oil products, Tan said. Meanwhile, the government is encouraging innovation in areas like carbon capture and moving toward more solar and tidal power, in its drive to be in the vanguard of the energy transition in the region.</p>\n<p>“I’m not sure they necessarily want to follow us, but I think we hope to be the green oasis,” he said.</p>","source":"lsy1612507957220","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Singapore Prepares to Swap Its Oil Hub Status for Greener Future</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nSingapore Prepares to Swap Its Oil Hub Status for Greener Future\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-07-19 09:40 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/singapore-prepares-swap-oil-hub-011051609.html><strong>Bloomberg</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>(Bloomberg) -- Royal Dutch Shell Plc announced late last year it would slash capacity by half at its biggest oil refinery. For Singapore, where the plant has been a mainstay of the economy for six ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/singapore-prepares-swap-oil-hub-011051609.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"RDS.A":"荷兰皇家壳牌石油A类股"},"source_url":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/singapore-prepares-swap-oil-hub-011051609.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1153389888","content_text":"(Bloomberg) -- Royal Dutch Shell Plc announced late last year it would slash capacity by half at its biggest oil refinery. For Singapore, where the plant has been a mainstay of the economy for six decades, it marked a turning point in one of the most successful bets on fossil fuels in history.\nThe plant on Bukom Island is part of a massive refining and petrochemical industry built largely on reclaimed islands just off the city-state. In tandem with the cargo vessels they fueled, the refineries helped drive Singapore’s economic success after independence, attracting billions in investment and spawning businesses from plastics to rig construction and finance.\n“We’ve come a long way as a result of the energy and chemical sector,” said Tan See Leng, Singapore’s labor minister and second minister for trade and industry. “The key thing is not to completely sort of move away, but to see how we can pivot, how we can transform.”\nTo that end, the government this year released the Singapore Green Plan 2030, setting out a path for the city-state to become a leading regional hub for carbon trading, green finance, consulting and risk management and other services. Sovereign wealth fund Temasek Holdings Pte., along with the Singapore Exchange, Standard Chartered Plc and DBS Group Holdings Ltd. announced in May a plan to set up a global exchange for high-quality carbon credits.\nThe city also offers a modern base with a skilled workforce from which new energy companies can run their operations in the region. Vena Energy Capital Pte., one of the largest independent renewable power generators in Asia-Pacific, with wind and solar projects stretching from Australia to India, established its headquarters in a modernist glass-and-steel tower in the city’s financial center, despite having no other operations in the country.\n“Given the regulatory transparency that Singapore has, it gives comfort to investors,” said Vena Chief Executive Officer Nitin Apte. “That was true in the past and will be true in the future with renewables.”\nOil Town\nBut Singapore’s switch from black gold to green energy is a difficult balancing act. In 2019, the city was the world’s fourth-biggest exporter of refined petroleum, and fuels and chemicals accounted for around 23% of its total merchandise trade, according to data from the World Bank and the Observatory of Economic Complexity. It’s still a regional trading center for coal, natural gas and oil products and supports dozens of finance houses that specialize in the commodities. More than 100 global chemical companies have operations in the city.\nBukom Island was there at the start. As far back as the 1890s it was the landing place for Russian kerosene. Shell opened Singapore’s first refinery there just prior to independence in 1961 and four more plants were added over the next couple of decades.\nExxon Mobil Corp.’s antecedents soon followed, including a refinery on the nearby island of Ayer Chawan, now part of the giant Jurong Island refining complex that Singapore is hoping to transform into an industrial park for sustainable energy and chemicals.\nNow Shell’s investment is in reverse. About 500 jobs will go at the Bukom complex, and many more will likely disappear in Singapore in the coming years. For a nation with no natural resources of its own, its position as an intermediary in the global fuel supply chain will be hard to replace.\nSingapore owes much of its economic success to imaginative and ruthless exploitation of its location, wrote historian Michael Barr in his book “Singapore: A Modern History.” In the energy sector that meant leveraging its position on one of the world’s busiest shipping routes, between the Middle East and the major economies in East Asia.\nThat won’t necessarily help its status as an energy hub for renewables like solar and wind that tend to be located in consuming countries, but it could still be an asset for hydrogen, which is gaining momentum as a possible emissions-free fuel for transportation and other energy supplies.\nHydrogen Hope\n“As it has with natural gas, it may be able to position itself as an intermediary for hydrogen in terms of pricing, terminal facilities and storage,” said David Skilling, founding director of Landfall Strategy Group, which advises small, advanced economies. Still, it’s not yet clear to what extent the hydrogen economy will rely on hubs, said Skilling, who was based in Singapore for more than a decade before relocating recently to the Netherlands.\nMore than 30 countries have released hydrogen roadmaps, according to a report by the Hydrogen Council and McKinsey & Co. But Singapore isn’t yet ready to commit to a strategy, Tan said.\nThe government has agreements with Australia and Chile for potential collaboration on hydrogen technology, and is working with Japanese companies on ways to transport the gas, Tan said. “As the technology gets more accepted, more widely available, as costs start to drop somewhat, I think they’ll come to an inflection point,” he said.\nHydrogen and liquefied natural gas have the advantage for Singapore that some oil and petrochemical infrastructure can be retooled for them, said George Nassaouati, who looks at energy transition risks as head of natural resources Asia at Willis Towers Watson. Singapore could also provide engineering and project management expertise to help set up LNG or hydrogen facilities in Southeast Asia, he said.\nLandfall’s Skilling says the “constructive paranoia” that enabled Singapore to navigate waves of economic disruption may help it make the transition. “It’s always very adept at figuring out what the next thing is, figuring out what its niche in that space is and being able to extract value from it,” he said.\nThe attention and direction from the government is definitely there, said Selena Ling, head of treasury research and strategy at Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp. The Monetary Authority of Singapore is developing grant programs to support green and sustainability loans, as well as placing $2 billion of funds with asset managers to catalyze green finance activities out of Singapore, she said.\nSingapore is looking at raising its carbon tax higher than originally planned, Minister for Sustainability and the Environment Grace Fu told Bloomberg in an interview on Friday. The city-state was the first in Asia to introduce a levy on carbon, currently set at S$5 per ton of greenhouse gas. The tax will be revised shortly, Fu said.\nA privately run carbon-credit trading platform that’s backed by some of the nation’s biggest firms would probably be up and running by the end of the year, she said.\nThe state of 5.7 million people may also have more time to adapt than Europe or the U.S. because it’s in a region that looks set to rely on hydrocarbons for many years to come. South and Southeast Asia will have the highest oil products demand growth over 2019 to 2035, according to another report from McKinsey. Singapore’s refiners don’t need to do anything drastic yet, said Victor Shum, vice president of energy consulting at IHS Markit.\nUntil around 2030 at least, there’s little risk of a major drop-off in demand for oil products, Tan said. Meanwhile, the government is encouraging innovation in areas like carbon capture and moving toward more solar and tidal power, in its drive to be in the vanguard of the energy transition in the region.\n“I’m not sure they necessarily want to follow us, but I think we hope to be the green oasis,” he said.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"RDS.A":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1033,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":179933986,"gmtCreate":1626480694845,"gmtModify":1703760790289,"author":{"id":"4089417375578840","authorId":"4089417375578840","name":"lesita","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"4089417375578840","idStr":"4089417375578840"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Ok","listText":"Ok","text":"Ok","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://ttm.financial/post/179933986","repostId":"1169536573","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":772,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"defaultTab":"posts","isTTM":true}